Composition
Composition
  • Chemical Composition
  • Classification
  • Chemical Composition

    The Right Stainless Steel Grade And Composition

    Through various considerations, we choose the right stainless steel grade and composition for further manufaturing. To assist our customers in this selection, we provide the following chart for reference.

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    Classification Standard Grade Chemical Composition
    C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo Cu
    Austenitic JIS 304 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 8.00-10.50 18.00-20.00 - -
    JIS 304J3 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 8.00-10.50 17.00-19.00 - 1.00-3.00
    JIS XM-7 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 8.00-10.50 17.00-19.00 - 3.00-4.00
    AISI 302HQ 0.03 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 8.00-10.00 17.00-19.00 - 3.00-4.00
    JIS 316 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 10.00-14.00 16.00-18.00 2.00-3.00 -
    JIS 316L 0.03 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 12.00-15.00 16.00-18.00 2.00-3.00 -
    AWS ER308 0.08 0.30-0.65 1.00-2.50 0.030 0.030 9.00-11.00 19.50-22.00 0.75 0.75
    JIS Y308 0.08 0.65 1.00-2.50 0.030 0.030 9.00-11.00 19.50-22.00 - -
    AWS ER309 0.12 0.30-0.65 1.00-2.50 0.030 0.030 12.00-14.00 23.00-25.00 0.75 0.75
    JIS Y309 0.12 0.65 1.00-2.50 0.030 0.030 12.00-14.00 23.00-25.00 - -
    Ferritic JIS 430 0.12 0.75 1.00 0.040 0.030 - 16.00-18.00 - -
    JIS 430F 0.12 1.00 1.25 0.060 0.15min - 16.00-18.00 - -
    Martensitic JIS 410 0.15 1.00 1.00 0.040 0.030 - 11.50-13.00 - -
    AISI 420 0.15min 1.00 1.00 0.040 0.030 - 12.00-14.00 - -
    Remark

    AWS : American Welding Society
    JIS : Japan Industrial Standards
    AISI : American Iron and Steel Institute

    Classifications of Stainless Steel

    Austenitic vs. Ferritic vs. Martensitic

    Our stainless steel include three main classifications — Austenitic, Ferritic, and Martensitic. Each of them possesses different properties and is suitable in diverse applications.

    Austenitic

    Austenitic is the most popular stainless steel group, it can be further grouped into three categories—manganese-chromium-nickel-nitrogen 200 series, common chromium-nickel 300 series and specialty alloys. Austenitic stainless steel is used in many consumer and industrial applications, e.g., food processing and equipment, power factory and chemical plants. Properties of Austenitic are:

    • High corrosion resistant + good weldability and formability + good creep resistance + good temperature resistance from cryogenic to high heat + easily machined and fabricated to tight tolerances
    • Medium to high strength
    • Non-magnetic
    • Smooth surface finish that can be easily sterilized and cleaned
    • Hardenable by cold working
    • Contains nickel

    Ferritic

    Ferritic has lower corrosion resistance than austenitic because it contains less chromium. Some ferritic stainless steel can be used in kitchen sinks, couters, washing machine drums and exhaust systems, such as 409 and 405. Other ferritic steels that low in C and N are more costly, but are high in chloride resistance, such as 444 and 261. Their properties include:

    • Good corrosion resistance + good weldability and toughness + high machinability and workability to tight tolerances
    • Moderate strength and toughness
    • Magnetic
    • Smooth surface finish
    • Not hardenable by heat treatment or cold working
    • Contains low carbon and no nickel

    Martensitc

    Martensitic stainless steel can be hardened by heat treatment to high strength levels. It has the lowest corrosion withstand abilities comparing to austenitic and ferritic families. Type 410 is the basic alloy in this group, other types including 403, 410, 410NiMo and 420. Their properties are:

    • High strength + high wear resistance + high machinability and workability to tight tolerances
    • Limited or Good corrosion resistance
    • Magnetic
    • Smooth surface finish
    • Hardenable by heat treatment
    • Contains no nickel